When you compile code for the runtime, it is converted into common intermediate language (CIL) and placed inside a portable executable (PE) file along with metadata generated by the compiler. Attributes allow you to place extra descriptive information into metadata that can be extracted using runtime reflection services. Example of reflection in C#: All types descended from the System.Object base class (the root of the type hierarchy in .NET) inherit the GetType() method....

Notable Benchmarks Some notable benchmarks in language modeling: MMLU: 57 tasks spanning elementary math, US history, computer science, law, and more. EleutherAI Eval: Unified framework to test models via zero/few-shot settings on 200 tasks from various evals, including MMLU. HELM: Evaluates LLMs across domains; tasks include Q&A, information retrieval, summarization, text classification, etc. AlpacaEval: Measures how often a strong LLM (e.g., GPT-4) prefers the output of one model over a reference model....

Who guides the evolution of programming languages? JavaScript The European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA) manages and prioritizes proposals written by community members to decide what’s included in each spec. When a proposal gets traction, it’s up to the browser vendors (e.g., Chromium) to implement the features. contains the published standards, e.g., . Conveniently, contains a summary of what each annual release introduced to JavaScript. References Learning React: Modern Patterns for Developing React Apps....

Android Calculator Making a precise calculator is not trivial. While \(10^{100} + 1 - 10^{100} = 1\), iOS’s calculator gives back \(0\). explores how Android’s calculator gets this right courtesy of . Real number representations are fundamentally imprecise because we can’t squeeze in infinitely many real numbers into a finite number of bits. Floating-point representations have a base \(\beta\) (assumed to be even) and a precision \(p\), e.g., if \(\beta = 10\) and \(p = 3\), then \(0....

tldraw.com’s Take on an LLM Canvas is a library for creating infinite canvas experiences in React. In UX history, chat has tended to precede canvas. From running computers from the command prompt to using the screen as a canvas via a mouse. Mobile phones went from being keypad oriented into a canvas where the finger controls the touchscreen. Where are the canvases for LLMs? Multi-modal models, e....

As the web evolves, where do practitioners congregate and exchange ideas? Working Groups develops standards and guidelines to help everyone build a web based on the principles of accessibility, internationalization, privacy and security. publishes standards and drafts , which are then implemented by browser vendors, e.g., Chromium, Firefox, and Safari. Topics of interest: accessibility, browser, CSS, data, DOM, digital publishing, graphics, HTML, HTTP, internationalization, media, performance, privacy, protocol, security, web API, web fonts, Web of Things (WoT), and XML....

Need to develop a theoretical understanding of bullshit. An account of what bullshit is and how it differs from what it is not. This is a common way of defining concepts in relation to others. Also saw it in the definitions of algebra, geometry and analysis as mathematical categories Remarks on Black’s “The Prevalence of Humbug” Humbug: deceptive misrepresentation, short of lying, especially by pretentious word or deed, of somebody’s own thoughts, feelings or attitudes....

body { background-image: url('/img/fiction/kuroi-leviathan.jpg'); } MR. SENDA. Wh-what if the rescue ship doesn’t get here by then?! ROBOT. Once oxygen runs out… all the passengers will die. Except for me, of course. MR. SENDA. This is how you handle emergencies around here?! ROBOT. We are a budget spaceline. MR. SENDA. Sometimes it’s best not to tell the truth! A leader’s responsibility is to try and solve problems while keeping quiet about them....

These maps already exist but are obscured to you. Be alert to facts that affect your projects or organization. Continually sift information out of the noise around you, e.g., a shift in corporate priorities could mean a platform you’d considered but backburnered has become an amazing investment. The Locator Map: Getting Perspective Time you spend absorbed in any domain increases your depth and understanding, but it comes with some risks, e....

On the Clean Code Movement Good enough is good enough. The architectural choices and bugs in the implementation tend to be more impactful, so focus more on those. Be conservative in what you consider technical debt. It should be something that slows down current/future changes, and not code that doesn’t “feel nice”. A code base that is free if technical debt is likely over-emphasizing polish over delivery. Abstractions and indirections in the name of future-proofing tend to be wrong especially when treading new paths, where you can’t reliably predict the future....

Many academics agree that to beat the market, one needs to assume greater risk - as opposed to trying to predict the market. This seems simplified. Expected an answer like insider trading, given that it’s hard to beat the market. Defining Risk: The Dispersion of Returns Business Conditions Possibility of Occurrence Expected Return (R) “Normal” economic conditions \(\frac{1}{3}\) 10% Rapid real growth without inflation \(\frac{1}{3}\) 30% Recession with inflation (stagflation) \(\frac{1}{3}\) –10% $$ \mathbb{E}[R] = \frac{1}{3}(....

Differential Privacy: A Primer for a Non-technical Audience. Kobbi Nissim; Thomas Steinke; Alexandra Wood; Micah Altman; Aaron Bembenek; Mark Bun; Marco Gaboardi; David R. O'Brien; Salil Vadhan. www.ftc.gov . May 7, 2017. What Does DP Guarantee? It is a question of whether a particular computation (not output) preserves privacy. DP only guarantees that no information specific to an individual is revealed by the computation. DP doesn’t protect against information that could be learned even with an individual opting out of a dataset, e....

A random process is ergodic if all of its statistics can be determined from a sample function of the process. That is, the ensemble averages equal the corresponding time averages with probability one. Role of Ergodicity in Human Inference A newspaper has previously printed some inaccurate information, therefore, the newspaper is going to publish inaccurate information in the future. Fair; ensemble of published articles is more or less ergodic. More crimes are committed by black persons than by white persons, therefore each individual black person is not to be trusted?...

body { background-image: url('/img/fiction/eternals-marvel.jpg'); } Eternals Vol. 3 (2006). Neil Gaiman; John Romita Jr.. www.marvel.com . www.hoopladigital.com . 2006. Eternals Vol. 5 (2021). Kieron Gillen; Esad Ribić. www.marvel.com . www.hoopladigital.com . marvel.fandom.com . Snapshots Origin of Life Mark Evanier: Can you prove that ancient civilizations weren’t visited by space travellers and heralded as gods? Did those aliens alight on this planet eons ago and plant the seeds of our civilization?...

#religious-fiction #extraterrestrial-possession Volume 9 was nominated for the 2020 Hugo Award for Best Graphic Story or Comic. However, not very stoked after Book One (Vol 1 and 2). Maybe it gets better? Only Volume 9 has been nominated for a Hugo Award, so maybe check that next time before committing? body { background-image: url('/img/fiction/wicdiv.jpg'); } ​​The Recurrence. Every 90 years, 12 gods reincarnate on earth for 2 years....

Saga. Brian Vaughan; Fiona Staples. imagecomics.com . www.hoopladigital.com . en.wikipedia.org . body { background-image: url('/img/fiction/vaughan-saga.jpg'); } Volumes 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 9 have been nominated for the the Hugo Award for Best Graphic Story. A 6/9 nomination rate implies that the comic is pretty good! Themes (Mostly War) Planet Landfall (Alana’s) and Wreath (its moon, Marko’s) have been in conflict as long as anyone can remember....

The Department of Truth | Image Comics. James Tynion IV; Martin Simmonds. imagecomics.com . Accessed Feb 18, 2022. body { background-image: url('/img/fiction/tynion-dept-of-truth.jpeg'); } Expecting a modern take on 1984, which I didn’t finish because I lost interest. Plot Points [Lee Harvey Oswald] The more people believe in something, the more true that thing becomes. The more reality tips in the favor of that belief....

body { background-image: url('/img/fiction/swamp-thing.jpg'); } Motifs Love and Loyalty Their master gone, the un-men pause, uncertain of what to do… They must among themselves for a moment – and, at least, a decision is reached. For all their existence, they have followed their master blindly – wherever he might lead… And there seems no good reason to change that situation now. #loyalty [Liz] He’s kept her safely shut away for years....

body { background-image: url('/img/fiction/bendis-house-of-m.jpg'); } Plot Points [Xavier] Wanda, put the world back now! [Wanda] No! [Xavier] Put it back! [Wanda] But my children! [Xavier] Never existed! Wanda’s overarching desire to have a family to the detriment of others has been explored in the films WandaVision, and Doctor Strange: Multiverse of Madness. First time seeing it in comic form. [Logan] Someone do the math for me… How many more of you does she have to kill before you snap out of it?...

A collection of notes/impressions from titles where I didn’t find enough to necessitate a dedicated page. Usually short works of fiction. Unknown Number Unknown Number. Blue Neustifter. twitter.com . genderdysphoria.fyi . Jul 27, 2021. Accessed Sep 6, 2022. tells the story of a person who has gender dysphoria. In an alternate universe, they never transitioned but went on to become an established physicist who could communicate across parallel universes....