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| Apr 10, 2019 | » | Online Advertising
5 min; updated May 8, 2026
Market SnapshotIn 2025, the online advertising marketing size was ~500B. Notables:
![]() eMarket’s digital ads projection for 2026. Meta is expected to surpass Google for the first time. Didn’t expect to see MSFT so low, and even even, signficantly buoyed by LinkedIn. Also, Pinterest over Reddit is surprising. ... |
| May 2, 2020 | » | On Learning
11 min; updated May 27, 2023
Mental Attitude While LearningDistinguish Mere Facts From Conclusions or OpinionsDiscriminate between mere statements of facts, necessary conclusions which follow therefrom, and mere opinions which they seem to render reasonable. There’s no need to perform an experiment to verify that the atomic weight of oxygen is 16. That the sum of the angles of a plane triangle equals two right angles is not a mere fact, but an inevitable truth. ... |
| Jan 22, 2019 | » | Tracking and Data Collection
4 min; updated Feb 12, 2023
Tracking on the InternetWhen the browser requests a third-party resource embedded on a web page, the snippet below is a subset of the HTTP headers sent by the browser to the third party. ... |
| Jul 3, 2016 | » | 03. Those Grey Swans of Extremistan
2 min; updated Sep 5, 2022
NotesMediocristan vs Extremistan: In Extremistan, one single observation can disproportionately affect the outcome. If finance were Gaussian, then the 2008 crash (more than 20 std) would take place every several billion lifetimes of the universe. In the last 50 years, the 10 most extreme days in finance markets represent half the returns. ... |

. The red boxes show content (at least the visible ones) served by third parties.](/img/computer-science/cos432-information-security/14-privacy/third-party-online-tracking-2012.png)
Universa, a hedge fund made to exploit black swans, made 3,612% in March 2020 amidst the coronavirus crisis. Taleb is an advisor on the fund. However, on a ’normal’ day, Universa is always losing money.